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1.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 35(4)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1441769

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados sensoriales y motores poscirugía refractiva con técnicas de superficie (LASEK-MMC o PRK-MMC) en pacientes miopes con o sin astigmatismo asociado. Método: Se realizó estudio experimental controlado aleatorizado abierto, en el cual fueron incluidos 160 pacientes (320 ojos), de ellos tratados con LASEK-MMC (80 pacientes) y con PRK-MMC (80 pacientes), seguidos por 3 meses. Las principales variables evaluadas fueron: edad, tipo de error refractivo, equivalente esférico, ángulo Kappa, anisometropía, estereopsis, punto próximo de convergencia y su anomalía, amplitud de convergencia y de divergencia (cerca y lejos) y magnitud de la desviación del alineamiento ocular. Resultados: El grupo tratado con PRK-MMC tenía edad media de 26,48 años ± 4,47 y equivalente esférico preoperatorio de -3,27 ±1,54 que disminuyó significativamente (p <0,05) a -0,04 ± 0,23 dioptrías (D) a los tres meses de la cirugía. El grupo tratado con LASEK-MMC tenía edad media de 26,31 años ± 4,86 y equivalente esférico preoperatorio de -3,34 ± 1,66 dioptrías (D) que disminuyó significativamente (p <0,05) a -0,06 ± 0,26 D a los tres meses de la cirugía. Además, disminuyó la anisometropía, mejoró la estereopsis y disminuyó la amplitud la amplitud de convergencia y divergencia para lejos. El alineamiento ocular también mejoró. Conclusiones: Las técnicas de superficies para tratar pacientes con miopía o astigmatismo miópico compuesto disminuyen la anisometropía, mejoran la estereopsis y disminuyen la amplitud de convergencia y divergencia para lejos, con mayor proporción de pacientes con ortoforia después de la operación(AU)


Purpose : To evaluate sensory and motor outcomes after refractive surgery with surface techniques (LASEK-MMC or PRK-MMC) in myopic patients with or without associated astigmatism. Methods : An open randomized controlled experimental study was performed, in which 160 patients (320 eyes) were included, treated with LASEK-MMC (80 patients) and with PRK-MMC (80 patients), followed up during 3 months. The main variables evaluated were: age, type of refractive error, spherical equivalent, Kappa angle, anisometropia, stereopsis, near convergence point and its anomaly, convergence and divergence amplitude (near and far) and magnitude of ocular alignment deviation. Results : The group treated with PRK-MMC had an average age of 26.48 years ± 4.47 and preoperative spherical equivalent of -3.27 ± 1.54 which decreased significantly (p < 0.05) to -0.04 ± 0.23 diopters (D) three months after surgery. The LASEK-MMC treated group had an average age of 26.31 years ± 4.86 and preoperative spherical equivalent of -3.34 ± 1.66 diopters (D) which decreased significantly (p < 0.05) to -0.06 ± 0.26 D three months after surgery. In addition, anisometropia decreased, stereopsis improved, Kappa angle increased, and convergence and divergence amplitude (for far) decreased; ocular alignment also improved. Conclusions : Surface techniques to treat patients with myopia or compound myopic astigmatism decrease anisometropia, improve stereopsis, increase Kappa angle, and decrease near point anomaly and convergence and divergence amplitude (for far), with higher proportion of patients with orthophoria postoperatively(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Myopia/etiology
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 35(1): e1192, ene.-mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409027

ABSTRACT

La masificación del Internet y comunicación móvil, así como el mayor acceso a herramientas digitales y de dispositivos electrónicos ha modificado la calidad de vida y salud de la población mundial, con un impacto especialmente importante en los niños. El uso desmedido de pantallas constituye un problema en esta población por su impacto en el sedentarismo, sobrepeso, alteraciones en el comportamiento, trastornos depresivos y del sueño, pero también por el efecto que tiene sobre el sistema visual en desarrollo: predispone a síndrome de ojo seco, a un exceso de acomodación-convergencia, provoca un desenfoque hipermetrópico de la fóvea (se cree que esto estimula el crecimiento axial), aumenta la tensión del cuerpo ciliar y músculos extraoculares, además de los efectos nocivos de la luz azul-violeta para las estructuras intraoculares. Estudios sugieren que los niños son más propensos a desarrollar miopía por estar menos expuestos a la luz natural y pasar más tiempo en ambientes cerrados ante pantallas, muchos incluso han demostrado una asociación entre el uso de pantallas, el trabajo cercano y la presencia de miopía, pero no existen datos concluyentes que aíslen un riesgo independiente. A partir de esta revisión se concluye que la prevalencia de la miopía está aumentando con base en una etiología multifactorial(AU)


The massification of the Internet and mobile communication, as well as increased access to digital tools and electronic devices, have changed the quality of life and health of the world's population, with a particularly important impact on children. The excessive use of screens is a problem among this population because of its impact on sedentary lifestyles, overweight, behavioral alterations, depressive and sleep disorders; but also because of its effect on the developing visual system, since it predisposes to dry eye syndrome, excessive accommodation-convergence, causes hypermetropic defocus at the fovea (this is believed to stimulate axial growth), increases the tension of the ciliary body and extraocular muscles, in addition to the harmful effects of blue-violet light on intraocular structures. Studies suggest that children are more prone to developing myopia because they are less exposed to natural light and spend more time in indoor environments in front of screens; many studies have even shown an association between the use of screens, close-eye work and the presence of myopia, but there are no conclusive data that isolate an independent risk. From this review, the prevalence of myopia is concluded to be increasing based on a multifactorial etiology(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Life , Internet , Electronics , Myopia/etiology , Sleep Wake Disorders , Dry Eye Syndromes , Life Style
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e973, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352020

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar las mediciones biométricas realizadas con el IOL Master 700 y el Pentacam AXL en pacientes miopes con cirugía fotoablativa previa. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 103 ojos de 103 pacientes miopes con cirugía fotoablativa previa, atendidos en el período de enero 2019 a enero 2020, en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, equivalente esférico y características biométricas posoperatorias (longitud axial, profundidad de la cámara anterior y queratometrías), así como su relación, aportadas automáticamente por el IOL master 700 y el pentacam AXL para evitar los factores dependientes del operador, tres meses después de la cirugía. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la prueba t para datos pareados, utilizando una significación del 95 por ciento. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 25,72 ± 4,26 años. Se analizaron 53 ojos derechos y 50 izquierdos, todos tratados con láser de superficie. El equivalente esférico medio fue de -0,06 ± 0,34 dioptrías y el tiempo entre la cirugía y los exámenes fue de 6,32 ± 3,56 meses. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p > 0,05) entre la longitud axial y la profundidad de la cámara anterior; mientras que sí la hubo (p < 0,01) con las queratometrías obtenidas con el IOL Master 700, en comparación con los del pentacam AXL. Conclusión: En pacientes miopes con cirugía fotoablativa previa, el IOL Master 700 y el pentacam AXL proveen mediciones biométricas similares, como la longitud axial y la profundidad de la cámara anterior, no así con la queratometría, la cual es diferente(AU)


Objective: Compare the biometric measurements taken with IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL in myopic patients with previous photoablative surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 103 eyes of 103 myopic patients undergoing photoablative surgery at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January 2019 to January 2020. The variables analyzed were age, sex, spherical equivalent and preoperative biometric characteristics (axial length, anterior chamber depth and keratometries) and the relationship to one another, automatically supplied by IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL to avoid operator-dependent factors. The analysis was performed three months after surgery. Statistical analysis was based on the paired Student's t-test with a significance level of 95 percent. Results: Mean age was 25.72 ± 4.26 years. Fifty-three right eyes and 50 left eyes were studied, all of them treated with surface laser. Mean spherical equivalent was -0.06 ± 0.34 diopters; the time elapsed between surgery and the tests was 6.32 ± 3.56 months. No statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between axial length and anterior chamber depth, but statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) were observed between the keratometries obtained with IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL. Conclusion: IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL provide similar biometric measurements for axial length and anterior chamber depth in myopic patients with previous photoablative surgery, but keratometric measurements are different(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Corneal Pachymetry/methods , Lasers , Myopia/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e1044, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352022

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo en pacientes miopes en edad pediátrica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio con diseño de casos y control para evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados a la miopía en los pacientes atendidos en la consulta del Servicio de Oftalmología Pediátrica del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". La muestra estuvo conformada por 263 pacientes (123 casos y 140 controles) que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y de exclusión. Las variables del estudio fueron la edad, el sexo, el color de la piel, la zona de procedencia, el bajo peso al nacer, la prematuridad, las madres fumadoras, el antecedente de familiares con defectos refractivos, las horas de exposición a las pantallas, las horas de exposición a la luz solar y la longitud axial. Resultados: Se encontró correlación entre el antecedente de familiares con defecto refractivo y la presencia de miopía (p = 0,009), y a su vez un riesgo de 1,9 de padecerla; más de 2 horas - pantallas se relaciona con pacientes miopes (p = 0,003) y duplica el riesgo. Más de 2 horas de luz solar fue más frecuente en los controles (p = 0,004) y es un factor de protección; las longitudes axiales fueron mayores en miopes (p = 0,000) y se correlacionó la exposición horas - pantallas con una mayor longitud axial. Conclusiones: Los antecedentes familiares de defectos refractivos aumentan 1,9 veces el riesgo de padecer miopía; la exposición a las pantallas por más de 2 horas al día lo duplica y la exposición a la luz solar por el mismo tiempo lo reduce a la mitad. La longitud axial es mayor en miopes y en los expuestos a las pantallas(AU)


Objective: Evaluate the association between risk factors in pediatric myopic patients. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated to myopia in patients attending the Pediatric Ophthalmology Service at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology. The sample was 263 patients (123 cases and 140 controls) who met the inclusion criteria. The study variables were age, sex, skin color, place of residence, low birth weight, prematurity, smoking mothers, a family history of refractive defects, screen time, sun exposure hours and axial length. Results: A correlation was found between a family history of refractive defects and the presence of myopia (p = 0.009), as well as a 1.9 risk of developing the disorder. More than two screen hours were associated to myopic patients (p = 0.003), doubling the risk. More than two sun exposure hours were more frequent among controls (p = 0.004) and constitute a protection factor. Axial lengths were greater among myopics (p = 0.000). Exposure and screen time were correlated with greater axial length. Conclusions: A family history of refractive defects increases the risk for myopia 1.9 times, exposure to screens for more than two hours per day doubles it, and the same number of sun exposure hours reduces it to half. Axial length is greater among myopics and screen exposed people(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Risk Factors , Myopia/etiology , Case-Control Studies , Screen Time
5.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e974, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352034

ABSTRACT

El implante de una lente intraocular fáquica puede resultar una opción lógica para los pacientes sumamente miopes que buscan liberarse de las gafas y de los lentes de contacto. Esta es una alternativa para corregir los grados de miopía extremos, y se diseñaron para permanecer dentro del ojo por muchos años. Con el cursar del tiempo, fisiológicamente comienza a opacarse el cristalino. Ante la necesidad de removerlo y de calcular una lente de potencia adecuada para el saco capsular y así conseguir la emetropía, surge un nuevo reto. El cálculo inexacto de la potencia dióptrica de la lente a implantar en la intervención quirúrgica es un problema y con él aparece la sorpresa refractiva; de ahí el objetivo de presentar con este caso la causa más frecuente de sorpresa refractiva tras la cirugía de catarata en un paciente miope con lente fáquica implantada. Se destaca la importancia de la longitud axil, sobre todo si esta se modifica después del implante de la lente fáquica para el correcto cálculo de la lente a implantar, así como el método ideal para su obtención: la interferometría óptica, sin olvidar la historia clínica previa al implante de la lente fáquica(AU)


Phakic intraocular lens implantation may be a logical option for extremely myopic patients who wish to get rid of their eyeglasses and contact lenses. This alternative was developed to correct extremely high degrees of myopia and remain inside the eye for many years. However, with the passing of time and due to physiological processes, the crystalline lens tends to become opaque. A new challenge is posed by the need to remove it and select a lens with an optical power appropriate to the capsular sac, thus achieving emmetropia. Inaccurate calculation of the dioptric power of the lens to be implanted in the surgical intervention is a problem leading to refractive surprise. Hence the interest in presenting a case illustrating the most common cause of refractive surprise after cataract surgery in a myopic patient with a phakic lens implant. The importance of axial length is highlighted, particularly whether it is modified after phakic lens implantation for accurate calculation of the lens to be implanted and the ideal method to obtain it: optical interferometry, without disregarding the medical record data preceding the phakic lens implantation(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Cataract Extraction/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses/adverse effects , Interferometry/methods , Medical Records , Myopia/etiology
6.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(4): e984, oct.-dic. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1156583

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El glaucoma es una neuropatía óptica caracterizada por la pérdida de células ganglionares de la retina y sus axones. Se presentan dos casos clínicos, ambos miopes con sospecha de glaucoma, con el objetivo de valorar la importancia del análisis de las células ganglionares en el diagnóstico de estos pacientes. La evaluación de los cambios estructurales glaucomatosos en los ojos miopes es difícil, por las considerables variaciones morfológicas en la cabeza del nervio óptico y otras estructuras del segmento posterior del ojo. La tomografía de coherencia óptica permite el análisis cuantitativo in vivo del disco óptico, la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina y el área macular; pero interpretar los hallazgos en ojos miopes, y especialmente en altos miopes, puede ser un verdadero desafío. Estudios recientes han demostrado que las mediciones maculares tienen ventajas sobre el análisis de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina para determinar si los defectos del grosor de la retina se relacionan con el glaucoma o con la miopía. Sin embargo, se deben considerar varios estudios en el intento de emitir un diagnóstico de certeza(AU)


ABSTRACT Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. Two cases are presented, both myopic and with suspected glaucoma, with the purpose of assessing the role of ganglion cell analysis in their diagnosis. Evaluation of structural glaucomatous changes in myopic eyes is a difficult task, due to the considerable morphological variations occurring in the optic nerve head and other structures from the posterior segment of the eye. Optical coherence tomography allows in vivo quantitative analysis of the optic disc, the retinal nerve fiber layer, and the macular area, but interpreting the findings in myopic eyes, particularly in highly myopic eyes, may be a real challenge. Recent studies have shown that macular measurements have advantages over retinal nerve fiber layer analysis to determine whether the retinal thickness defects are related to glaucoma or to myopia. However, several studies should be considered in the attempt to reach an accurate diagnosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Myopia/etiology , Evaluation Studies as Topic
7.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 32(2): e611, abr.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1093686

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir los resultados visuales en la corrección de la alta miopía con implante de lente fáquica ACR-128. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional longitudinal y prospectivo en 60 ojos de 32 pacientes con miopía corregida con lente fáquica ACR-128. Se determinó el componente esférico esperado y observado, el cilindro queratométrico, las agudezas visuales sin corrección y mejor corregidas en el pre y en el posoperatorio y el astigmatismo inducido. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la Prueba T para datos pareados, con una significación del 95 por ciento. Resultados: La edad media fue 27,41 ± 5,91 años, el equivalente esférico preoperatorio -11,54 ± 3,20 dioptrías y el 68,75 por ciento eran femeninas. El componente esférico en dioptrías esperado (-0,53 ± 0,37) y observado (-0,42 ± 0,47) sin diferencias (p= 0,0742). Entre ± 1,00 el 91,67 por ciento y entre ± 0,50 el 70 por ciento. Ningún ojo quedó por encima de +0,50 dioptrías. El cilindro queratométrico en dioptrías, pre (1,44 ± 0,76) y posoperatorio (1,49 ± 0,84) sin astigmatismo inducido (p= 0,6377). El 100 por ciento tenía agudeza visual sin corrección preoperatoria ≤ 0,1 y posoperatoria ≥ 0,3. Después de la cirugía el 10 por ciento alcanzaba 1,0 y 71,6 por ciento ≥ 0,5. Solo el 28,33 por ciento tenía la unidad en el preoperatorio, y el 70 por ciento en el posoperatorio (98,33 por ciento ≥ 0,7). Conclusiones: El implante de lente fáquica ACR-128 proporciona corrección refractiva y predictibilidad favorables para el paciente, al reducir el componente esférico al deseado, no inducir astigmatismo y mejorar la agudeza visual, todo lo que se traduce en un adecuado resultado visual(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Describe the visual results of correction of high myopia with ACR-128 phakic lens implantation. Methods: An observational descriptive longitudinal prospective study was conducted of 60 eyes of 32 patients with myopia corrected with the ACR-128 phakic lens. Determination was made of the expected and observed spherical component, the keratometric cylinder, uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity in the pre- and postoperative periods, and induced astigmatism. Statistical analysis was based on the paired T-test with a significance level of 95 percent. Results: Mean age was 27.41 ± 5.91 years, preoperative spherical equivalent was -11.54 ± 3.20 diopters, and 68.75 percent of the patients were female. Spherical component in diopters expected (-0.53 ± 0.37) and observed (-0.42 ± 0.47) without differences (p= 0.0742). Between ± 1.00 diopters 91.67 percent and between ± 0.50 diopter 70 percent. No eye was above +0.50D. Keratometric cylinder in diopters, preoperative (1.44 ± 0.76) and postoperative (1.49 ± 0.84) without induced astigmatism (p=0.6377). In 100 percent visual acuity without correction ≤ 0.1 preoperative and ≥ 0.3 postoperative. After surgery 10 percent reached 1.0 and 71.6 percent ≥ 0.5. Only 28.33 percent had the unit corrected in the preoperative period and 70 percent in the postoperative period (98.33 percent ≥ 0.7). Conclusions: ACR-128 phakic lens implantation provides patients with favorable refractive correction and predictability. This is achieved by reducing the spherical component to desired values, not inducing astigmatism and improving visual acuity, all of which leads to an adequate visual result(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Refractive Surgical Procedures/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses/adverse effects , Myopia/etiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Observational Study
8.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 93-97, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143911

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the refractive change and prediction error after temporary intraocular lens (IOL) removal in temporary polypseudophakic eyes using IOL power calculation formulas and Gills' formula. METHODS: Four consecutive patients (7 eyes) who underwent temporary IOL explantation were enrolled. Postoperative refractions calculated using IOL power calculation formulas (SRK-II, SRK-T, Hoffer-Q, Holladay, and the modified Gills' formula for residual myopia and residual hyperopia) were compared to the manifest spherical equivalents checked at 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean ages of temporary piggyback IOL implantation and IOL removal were 6.71 +/- 3.68 months (range, 3 to 12 months) and 51.14 +/- 18.38 months (range, 29 to 74 months), respectively. The average refractive error was -13.11 +/- 3.10 diopters (D) just before IOL removal, and improved to -1.99 +/- 1.04 D after surgery. SRK-T showed the best prediction error of 1.17 +/- 1.00 D. The modified Gills' formula for myopia yielded a relatively good result of 1.47 +/- 1.27 D, with only the variable being axial length. CONCLUSIONS: Formulas to predict refractive change after temporary IOL removal in pediatric polypseudophakia were not as accurate as those used for single IOL implantation in adult eyes. Nonetheless, this study will be helpful in predicting postoperative refraction after temporary IOL removal.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction , Device Removal , Hyperopia/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Lenses, Intraocular , Myopia/etiology , Prospective Studies
9.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 93-97, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-143918

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the refractive change and prediction error after temporary intraocular lens (IOL) removal in temporary polypseudophakic eyes using IOL power calculation formulas and Gills' formula. METHODS: Four consecutive patients (7 eyes) who underwent temporary IOL explantation were enrolled. Postoperative refractions calculated using IOL power calculation formulas (SRK-II, SRK-T, Hoffer-Q, Holladay, and the modified Gills' formula for residual myopia and residual hyperopia) were compared to the manifest spherical equivalents checked at 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean ages of temporary piggyback IOL implantation and IOL removal were 6.71 +/- 3.68 months (range, 3 to 12 months) and 51.14 +/- 18.38 months (range, 29 to 74 months), respectively. The average refractive error was -13.11 +/- 3.10 diopters (D) just before IOL removal, and improved to -1.99 +/- 1.04 D after surgery. SRK-T showed the best prediction error of 1.17 +/- 1.00 D. The modified Gills' formula for myopia yielded a relatively good result of 1.47 +/- 1.27 D, with only the variable being axial length. CONCLUSIONS: Formulas to predict refractive change after temporary IOL removal in pediatric polypseudophakia were not as accurate as those used for single IOL implantation in adult eyes. Nonetheless, this study will be helpful in predicting postoperative refraction after temporary IOL removal.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cataract/congenital , Cataract Extraction , Device Removal , Hyperopia/etiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Lenses, Intraocular , Myopia/etiology , Prospective Studies
12.
Cir. & cir ; 76(1): 5-12, ene.-feb. 2008. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-568186

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to determine the refractive state in patients who underwent non-complicated phacoemulsification under unusual situations. METHODS: This was a clinical, open, transversal, prospective and comparative study. Patients had the following conditions: congenital cataracts, hyperopia, myopia, and emetropia with previous corneal transplantation or vitreous cavity filled with silicone oil. RESULTS: Thirty-six eyes were included in our study vs. control group (52 emetropic eyes). There was no statistical significance in spherical equivalent 6 weeks postoperatively, with 59% of patients within +1.00 D, 73% +2.00 D and 28% > +2.00 D. CONCLUSIONS: Refractive state was favorable with an average of 0.96 D +/- 6.27.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Infant , Corneal Transplantation , Cataract/complications , Refractive Errors/etiology , Phacoemulsification , Refraction, Ocular , Vitrectomy , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cataract/congenital , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Refractive Errors/diagnosis , Refractive Errors/epidemiology , Hyperopia/diagnosis , Hyperopia/epidemiology , Hyperopia/etiology , Myopia/diagnosis , Myopia/epidemiology , Myopia/etiology , Prospective Studies , Silicone Oils
13.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 53-57, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-142614

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the pathogenesis of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. METHODS: In one patient, the refraction of both eyes (the left eye was injured, but the right eye was not) was measured with an autorefractometer. The cycloplegic refraction was measured at the early stage of trauma and again 3 months after the blunt eye injury. The angle and depth of the anterior chamber, the ciliary body, and the choroids were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) over 3 months. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness of the lens, and the axial length were measured by A-scan ultrasonography in both eyes. During the 3 months after the injury, we made comparisons between the menifest and the cycloplegic refractions, the depths of anterior chambers, the thickness of the lenses, the axial lengths, and the UBM-determined appearances of the angles and depths of the anterior chambers, the ciliary bodies, and the choroids in both eyes. RESULTS: We suspect that the depth reduction in the anterior chamber, the increase in anterior to posterior lens diameter, and the edema in the ciliary body are all related to the change in the refractive power following the blunt trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and ultrasonography of the anterior segment in the eye may be helpful to diagnose and confirm changes in the refractive power that occur after trauma.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anterior Eye Segment/diagnostic imaging , Ciliary Body/injuries , Eye Injuries/complications , Microscopy, Acoustic , Myopia/etiology , Refraction, Ocular , Uveal Diseases/etiology , Visual Acuity , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications
14.
Korean Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 53-57, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-142611

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the pathogenesis of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. METHODS: In one patient, the refraction of both eyes (the left eye was injured, but the right eye was not) was measured with an autorefractometer. The cycloplegic refraction was measured at the early stage of trauma and again 3 months after the blunt eye injury. The angle and depth of the anterior chamber, the ciliary body, and the choroids were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) over 3 months. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness of the lens, and the axial length were measured by A-scan ultrasonography in both eyes. During the 3 months after the injury, we made comparisons between the menifest and the cycloplegic refractions, the depths of anterior chambers, the thickness of the lenses, the axial lengths, and the UBM-determined appearances of the angles and depths of the anterior chambers, the ciliary bodies, and the choroids in both eyes. RESULTS: We suspect that the depth reduction in the anterior chamber, the increase in anterior to posterior lens diameter, and the edema in the ciliary body are all related to the change in the refractive power following the blunt trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and ultrasonography of the anterior segment in the eye may be helpful to diagnose and confirm changes in the refractive power that occur after trauma.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anterior Eye Segment/diagnostic imaging , Ciliary Body/injuries , Eye Injuries/complications , Microscopy, Acoustic , Myopia/etiology , Refraction, Ocular , Uveal Diseases/etiology , Visual Acuity , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications
15.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 20(2)jul.-dic. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499273

ABSTRACT

La cirugía refractiva personalizada consiste en adecuar el tratamiento de cada paciente según las características de la córnea y corregir defectos que afectan la calidad de la visión; por ejemplo, las aberraciones ópticas. Se seleccionaron 21 ojos de 13 pacientes con miopía residual después de queratotomía radial. Se realizó agudeza visual sin corrección y con ella, queratometría, refracción dinámica, refracción ciclopléjica; topografía corneal, taquimetría, tonometría, biomicroscopia, estudio de la lágrima y fondoscopia. A todos se les aplicó el software de análisis de frente de onda corneal y se realizó Lasik (Queratomileusis in situ con láser) y queratectomía refractiva optimizada. La agudeza visual sin corrección varió de 0,17 a 0,75. El equivalente esférico promedio se modificó de -4,81 D a -0,67 D. Las aberraciones de alto orden (HORMS) prequirúrgicas y posquirúrgicas variaron de 0,970 um hasta 1,130 um. La agudeza visual sin corrección fue superior a 0,8 en todos los casos después de la cirugía de Lasik. Disminuyó el equivalente esférico y el componente cilíndrico en todos los ojos. Las aberraciones totales disminuyeron también en todos los casos.


Customized refractive surgery means adapting treatment to the patient according to the corneal characteristics and correcting defects that affect the quality of vision, for example, optical aberrations. Twenty one eyes from 13 patients with residual myopia after undergoing radial keratotomy were selected. Visual acuity without correction and also, keratometry, dynamic refraction, cycloplegic refraction, corneal topography, tachymetry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, study of the tear and funduscopy were performed. All the eyes were applied the sofware for analysis of corneal wavefront and Lasik (Queratomileusis in situ with laser) and optimized refractive keratectomy were performed. Visual acuity without correction changed from 0.17 to 0.75. Average sphere equivalent varied from –4.81 D to –0.67 D. Higher-order aberrations before and after surgery changed from 0,970 um to 1,130 um. Visual acuity without correction was over 0.8 in all the cases after Lasik surgery. Spheral equivalent and cylindrical component of the eyes were reduced. Total aberrations decreased in all the cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Corneal Topography , Keratotomy, Radial/methods , Myopia/etiology , Keratotomy, Radial/adverse effects
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 68(6): 735-741, nov.-dez. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420179

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar eficácia da utilização da lente intra-ocular na correção da afacia na infância, segundo a acuidade visual e alteração refracional no pós-operatório. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados trinta e três olhos de 27 crianças portadores de catarata, unilateral ou bilateral, submetidos à cirurgia de lensectomia via pars plana com implante de lente intra-ocular, associada à capsulectomia posterior primária e vitrectomia anterior. O cálculo da lente intra-ocular foi realizado com o objetivo da emetropia no pós-operatório imediato. As crianças apresentavam idades inferiores a seis anos no momento da cirurgia e foram acompanhadas em média durante 2,9 anos. Foram divididas em três grupos: crianças portadoras de catarata unilateral operadas com idade inferior a três anos (Grupo I) e superior a três anos (Grupo II) e grupo III formado pelas crianças portadoras de cataratas bilaterais. RESULTADOS: Acuidade visual pós-operatória obtida no último controle igual ou superior a 20/40 foi encontrada em 85 por cento dos olhos operados. Equivalente esférico no primeiro mês pós-operatório próximo da emetropia foi obtido em 70 por cento das crianças do grupo III e em apenas 30 por cento do grupo I. Quanto à variação refracional pós-operatória, a miopização foi encontrada em 81,81 por cento dos casos, sendo maior esta alteração refracional quanto menor a idade em que a criança foi submetida à cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da miopização pós-operatória que ocorre com o implante de lente intra-ocular na correção da afacia em crianças com menos de seis anos de idade, o resultado visual é bastante satisfatório e a correção refracional residual de fácil execução. Um seguimento pós-operatório mais prolongado há de ser necessário para o acompanhamento dos resultados a longo prazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Aphakia/surgery , Cataract Extraction , Capsulorhexis/standards , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/standards , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Vitrectomy/standards , Age Factors , Capsulorhexis/adverse effects , Capsulorhexis/methods , Cataract/congenital , Follow-Up Studies , Linear Models , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/adverse effects , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Myopia/etiology , Postoperative Period , Treatment Outcome , Vitrectomy/adverse effects
18.
Arch. argent. dermatol ; 50(5): 189-99, sept.-oct. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-288669

ABSTRACT

Cutis laxa es un trastorno del tejido conectivo, que se caracteriza por piel inelástica, que cuelga formando pliegues y otorga un aspecto de senilidad prematura, pudiéndose acompañar o no de compromiso sistémico. Puede ser congénita o adquirida. Dentro de las primeras se describen una forma autosómica dominante, una autosómica recesiva y una forma recesiva ligada al X. La forma adquirida se presenta secundariamente a fiebre, drogas como la penicilina o isoniazida, urticaria, eritema multiforme y mieloma múltiple. Se presentan cuatro pacientes (tres mujeres y un varón) atendidos en el Servicio de Dermatología entre febrero de 1997 y octubre de 1998, con cuadro clínico e histopatológico de cutis laxa congénito, todos con compromiso sistémico. En tres de ellos se comprobó compromiso cardíaco; en dos, compromiso respiratorio, y en dos, hernia umbilical. También encontramos cuerdas vocales laxas, disfagia, hiperlaxitud articular, retraso madurativo, hernia inguinal y ano anterior. Esta sería la primera publicación argentina de cutis laxa infantil


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Cutis Laxa/congenital , Hernia/etiology , BCG Vaccine/adverse effects , Heart Defects, Congenital/etiology , Connective Tissue/abnormalities , Cutis Laxa/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Diverticulum/etiology , Elastin , Isoniazid/adverse effects , Hip Dislocation, Congenital/etiology , Myopia/etiology , Pneumothorax/etiology , Penicillamine/adverse effects
19.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 63(3): 231-4, jun. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-268576

ABSTRACT

As miopias se dividem em primárias e secundárias. As formas primárias se subdividem em fisiológicas, intermediárias, patológicas e por curvatura. As formas secundárias decorrem de alterações estruturais no globo ocular, como por exemplo as secundárias ao alongamento do globo, como no glaucoma juvenil. Os vários tipos de miopia primária podem ser diferenciados pelo comprimento axial do globo ou, mais frequentemente, por seu estado refratométrico: aqueles com miopia abaixo de -3,00 dioptrias (D) são portadores de miopia fisiológica; os que apresentam entre -3,00 e -5,00D apresentam tanto miopia fisilógica como intermediária e aqueles com refrações entre -5,00 e -8,00D possuem miopia intermediária ou patológica. Indivíduos com miopia superior a -8,00D são portadores, invariavelmente, de miopia patológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Myopia/epidemiology , Myopia/etiology , Myopia/therapy
20.
In. Goic Goic, Alejandro; Chamorro Z, Gastón; Reyes Budelovsky, Humberto. Semiología médica. Santiago de Chile, Mediterráneo, 2 ed; 1999. p.133-8, ilus, tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-284878
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